 |
Do you agree with new policy that reduces taxes for US producers of renewable chemicals?
|
 |
Biofuels International Conference 2013
11 September 2013 - 12 September 2013
Ramada Plaza, Antwerp, Belgium
Read more >> |
World Biofuels 2013
23 May 2013 - 24 May 2013
Seville, Spain |
ILTA
3 June 2013 - 5 June 2013
Houston, Texas |
21st European Biomass Conference and Exhibition
3 June 2013 - 7 June 2013
Copenhagen, Denmark |
|
|
|
|
|
Volume 3, Issue 6
Feature: The power of hydrous ethanol |
Scientifi c research organisation TNO has just completed tests measuring the emissions and running capabilities of several low blend hydrous ethanol fuels. A representative modern car (a Ford Mondeo) was tested on three different fuels: petrol, a mixture of petrol and hydrous ethanol and a mixture of petrol and anhydrous ethanol. Two other petrol vehicles were also used to verify the emission behavior. Measurements were performed on a TNO chassis dynamometer. The exhaust gases were fi rst led into a dilution tunnel, which allows the exhaust gas to dilute in ambient air, just as it would in the exhaust pipe of a car on the road. Samples are taken from the dilution tunnel for analysis. The following components were measured: • NOx: nitrous oxide • CO: carbon monoxide • CO2: carbon dioxide • HC: hydrocarbons • PM1: Particulate Matter (particle size distribution). The ethanol blends tested in this programme contained approximately 19% ethanol and another 3.6% of other oxygenates. Furthermore the hydrous ethanol fuel contained 1.1% water.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
